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Genetics and Fertility: What You Need to Know

How Genetics Shape Your Fertility

It might sound like much science, but the basics are simple: your genetic makeup affects how your body works, including  your reproductive system. From egg and sperm quality to hormone balance, your genes have a hand in it all. 

For women, genetic factors can influence how many eggs you have and when you go through menopause. Some women  might experience early menopause or find they have fewer eggs, which can make getting pregnant harder. (Source:  Hudson) On the male side, genetics can play a role in sperm quality and quantity, too. 

That’s not to say that all fertility problems are genetic. Many people conceive without any issues. But for others,  understanding your genetics can open the door to answers and solutions, whether you're looking at natural conception  or considering IVF. 

 

 

How Genetic Testing Can Help

Today, genetic testing is a powerful tool for couples who are having trouble conceiving. It helps identify potential genetic  conditions that could be affecting fertility. For example, if there’s a history of genetic diseases in your family, testing can  help you understand whether you or your partner are carriers of specific genes. 

Carrier screening is a common test where doctors check if you carry genes for certain inherited conditions like cystic  fibrosis. If both partners are carriers of the same gene, knowing this early can help guide important decisions about your  family planning. 

For women, genetic tests can offer insight into things like ovarian reserve and early signs of conditions that may affect  fertility, such as premature ovarian failure. Men can benefit from testing, too, especially if there are concerns about sperm  DNA fragmentation, which can affect how well sperm fertilizes eggs. (Source: NIH) 

How Genetics Play a Role in IVF

IVF (in vitro fertilization) is a popular option for couples facing infertility, and here, genetics take center stage as well. One  of the most exciting advancements in IVF is preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), where embryos are tested for genetic  or chromosomal abnormalities before they are implanted in the uterus. This helps avoid passing on inherited genetic  conditions and boosts the chances of a healthy pregnancy. (Source: News-Medicals)  

For couples with a family history of genetic disorders, PGT can be a game-changer. It offers peace of mind, knowing that  the embryos being transferred are as healthy as possible. It also reduces the risk of miscarriage due to genetic issues,  increasing the chances of success with IVF. 

Is Genetic Testing Right for You?

Genetic testing isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can be incredibly helpful in certain situations. You might want to  consider it if: 

• You’ve been trying to conceive for a while without success. 

• There’s a family history of genetic conditions. 

• You’re planning to try IVF and want to screen embryos for any genetic issues. 

• You’re over 35 and want to take a closer look at your fertility. 

Genetic testing can shed light on possible factors you may not have known about, giving you clarity and helping you make  informed decisions. It’s about understanding your body and fertility on a deeper level so you can move forward with  confidence. 

Sources:  

Hudson - Hudson.org.au/news/gene-link-to-female-infertility/ 

NIH - NIH.ncbi.nlm.gov/articles/PMC3509564/ 

News-Medicals - https://www.news-medical.net/Study-identifies-genetic-variants-influenci...